Kittler explains that a certain typewriter from 1886 pierced paper with needle pins in the same way the vampire inscribed bodies. The fact also that the typewriter made everything visible, apart from the inscription of the sign, is also consistent with Stoker’s vampire and Nietzsche’s mnemotechnics where the victims cannot see or read what the mutilations do to their bodies. Like the typewriter, Dracula’s act of inscription is invisible and passes undetected. Humans then are no longer the agents of writing but become a surface to be inscribed by new technologies, like the typewriter, which changes them, shaping their thoughts and writing.
— Aspasia Stephanou, Inhuman Materiality in Gothic Media, 2019.